Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Line one large baking sheet (or two smaller ones) with parchment paper or a silicone baking mat to prevent sticking and help the crackers crisp evenly.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the sourdough starter or discard, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 1/2 teaspoon fine sea salt until smooth. Add the all-purpose flour, garlic powder (if using), dried herbs, and black pepper. Stir with a spatula or wooden spoon until a soft dough forms. It should be slightly tacky but firm enough to roll.
1 cup active sourdough starter or discard, 1 cup all-purpose flour, 2 tablespoons olive oil, 1/2 teaspoon fine sea salt, 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder, 1/2 teaspoon dried Italian herbs or dried thyme, 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
If the dough is too sticky to handle, knead in an extra teaspoon or two of flour right in the bowl until it’s manageable. If it feels dry or cracks when pressed, sprinkle in 1/2 teaspoon water at a time and knead until it holds together smoothly. You don’t need to develop gluten here—just a cohesive dough.
1 cup all-purpose flour
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface and divide it into two portions. Working with one piece at a time, roll the dough as thin as you can—about 1/16–1/8 inch thick. If the dough springs back while rolling, let it rest for 5 minutes, then continue rolling. Thinner dough yields crispier crackers.
Carefully transfer each rolled sheet of dough to the prepared baking sheet. The shape doesn’t have to be perfect. Lightly brush the surface of the dough with a thin layer of oil so the toppings stick and the crackers brown nicely.
1 tablespoon olive oil or neutral oil
Using a pizza cutter or sharp knife, score the dough into squares or rectangles about 1–1 1/2 inches wide. Cut down to the pan but not through the parchment. These score lines will make it easy to break the crackers apart once baked.
Sprinkle the surface lightly with flaky sea salt. If using Parmesan or Pecorino, scatter 1–2 tablespoons of very finely grated cheese in a thin, even layer so it melts instead of burning. Avoid heavy clumps.
flaky sea salt, 1 tablespoon finely grated Parmesan or Pecorino
Bake for 18–25 minutes, rotating the pan halfway through. Start checking at 15 minutes, as ovens vary. The crackers are done when the edges are deep golden and the center pieces feel firm and dry to the touch. Edge crackers may darken first; remove any that are done and return the rest to the oven if needed.
Remove the baking sheet from the oven and let the crackers cool completely on the pan; they will crisp further as they cool. Once fully cooled, break the crackers along the scored lines into individual pieces.
Taste a few crackers and note whether you’d like more or less salt, herbs, garlic, or cheese next time. Adjust the seasoning amounts in your notes so you can dial them in perfectly for your family’s taste in future batches.