Build a medium campfire and let it burn down until you have a good bed of glowing coals with gentle flames. Place a grill grate over the fire if you have one for a stable, even cooking surface.
Set a large cast iron skillet over the coals. Add 1 tablespoon of oil and heat until it shimmers. Add the ground beef and break it up with a spoon or spatula. Cook, stirring occasionally, until browned and no longer pink, 6–8 minutes. If there is excess grease, carefully spoon some out.
1 pound ground beef, 2 tablespoons olive oil or neutral oil
Add the diced onion and both bell peppers to the skillet. Stir and cook until the vegetables soften and begin to brown, 5–7 minutes. Add the garlic in the last minute of cooking (or sprinkle in garlic powder) so it doesn’t burn. If the skillet looks dry, add the remaining 1 tablespoon of oil.
1 medium yellow onion, 1 red bell pepper, 1 green bell pepper, 2 cloves garlic, 2 tablespoons olive oil or neutral oil
Stir in the diced potatoes, salt, black pepper, smoked paprika, dried oregano, and chili powder (if using). Mix well so the potatoes are coated in fat and seasonings and make good contact with the hot pan.
4 cups diced potatoes, 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt, 1/2 teaspoon black pepper, 1 teaspoon smoked paprika, 1 teaspoon dried oregano, 1/2 teaspoon chili powder
Pour in the water or broth and stir again. Spread the mixture evenly in the skillet and cover tightly with a lid or heavy-duty foil. Cook for 10–15 minutes, stirring once or twice, until the potatoes are tender and can be easily pierced with a fork.
1/4 cup water or broth
When the potatoes are just tender, stir in the frozen corn. Remove the lid or foil and cook uncovered for 5–10 minutes more, allowing some moisture to evaporate and the edges of the potatoes and meat to crisp and brown. Adjust the skillet position over the coals as needed to control the heat.
1 cup frozen corn kernels
Taste the mixture carefully and adjust the seasoning with more salt, pepper, or a pinch of smoked paprika if needed.
1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt, 1/2 teaspoon black pepper, 1 teaspoon smoked paprika
Sprinkle the shredded cheese evenly over the top of the skillet. Cover again for 1–3 minutes, just until the cheese melts. Carefully remove the skillet from the fire using thick oven mitts or a folded towel. Let rest a few minutes, then serve straight from the skillet with sour cream, green onions, hot sauce, salsa, or pickled jalapeños, if desired.
1 cup shredded cheddar cheese, sour cream, sliced green onions, hot sauce, salsa, or pickled jalapeños