Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Lightly grease a 9×13-inch baking dish with butter or cooking spray to prevent sticking and make cleanup easier.
Pour the apple pie filling into the prepared baking dish and spread it into an even layer. If the apple slices are very large, roughly chop them in the pan with a spatula to make serving easier.
Sprinkle the lemon juice, ground cinnamon, ground nutmeg, and ground allspice over the apples. Gently stir just the apples to distribute the spices evenly, giving the filling more of a homemade, slow-cooked flavor.
Scatter the brown sugar and fine sea salt evenly over the spiced apples. The sugar will caramelize as it bakes, and the salt helps keep the dessert from tasting too flat or overly sweet.
Open the spice cake mix and sprinkle it evenly over the apples and sugar. Do not stir. Aim for a fairly even blanket of dry cake mix completely covering the fruit layer.
Drizzle the melted butter as evenly as possible over the dry cake mix, trying to cover as much surface area as you can. Small dry spots usually hydrate as the butter and apple juices bubble up, but you can add a little extra melted butter over any stubborn dry areas if desired.
If using, sprinkle the chopped pecans or walnuts evenly over the top. They will toast in the oven and add a crunchy, buttery topping.
Bake at 350°F (175°C) for 40–50 minutes, or until the top is deeply golden brown and the edges are bubbling. If the top begins to brown too quickly, tent the pan loosely with foil for the last 10 minutes of baking.
Remove the cake from the oven and let it rest for 10–15 minutes. This helps it set so it scoops more neatly while still staying warm and cozy.
Spoon the warm apple spice dump cake into bowls and serve with vanilla or cinnamon ice cream or whipped cream. Garnish with an extra sprinkle of cinnamon or a drizzle of caramel sauce if desired.